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Carl Gustav Jung was a Swiss
psychiatrist, influential
thinker, and founder of
analytical psychology.
Karl Gustav II Jung was born on
July 26, 1875 in Kesswil, in
the Swiss canton (state) of
Thurgau, as the fourth but only
surviving child of Paul
Achilles Jung and Emilie
Preiswerk. His father, Paul
Jung, was a poor rural parson
in the Swiss Reformed Church
while his mother, Emilie, came
from a wealthy, established
Swiss family.
Six-year old Jung.At six
months, Paul Jung acquired a
position at a better parsonage
in Laufen and the family moved
there. Meanwhile, the tension
between Paul and Emilie was
growing. An eccentric and
depressed woman, Emilie spent
much of the time in her own
separate bedroom, enthralled by
the spirits that she said
visited her in the night.
Emilie left Laufen for several
months of hospitalization near
Basel for an unknown physical
ailment. Young Carl was taken
by his father to live with
Emilie's single sister in
Basel, but later brought back
to the vicarage. Emilie's
continuing bouts of absence and
often depressed mood influenced
his attitude towards women —
one of "innate unreliability,"
a view that he later called the
"handicap I started off with."
After three years of living in
Laufen, Paul Jung requested a
transfer and was called to
Kleinhüningen in 1879. The
relocation brought Emilie in
closer contact to her family
and lifted her melancholy and
despondent mood.
A very solitary and introverted
child, Jung was convinced from
childhood that he had two
personalities—a modern Swiss
citizen, and a personality more
at home in the eighteenth
century. "Personality No. 1,"
as he termed it, was a typical
schoolboy living in the era of
the time, while No. 2 was a
dignified, authoritative, and
influential man from the past.
Although Jung was close to both
parents, he was rather
disappointed in his father's
academic approach to faith.
A number of childhood memories
gave him the basis for many of
his later theories. As a boy he
carved a tiny manikin into the
end of the wooden ruler from
his pupil's pencil case and
placed it inside the case. He
then added a stone which he had
painted into upper and lower
halves of, and hid the case in
the attic. Periodically he
would come back to the manikin,
often bringing tiny sheets of
paper with messages inscribed
on them in his own secret
language. This ceremonial act,
he later reflected, brought him
a feeling of inner peace and
security. In later years, he
discovered that similarities
existed in this memory and the
totems of native peoples like
the collection of soul-stones
near Arlesheim, or the
tjurungas of Australia. This,
he concluded, was an
unconscious ritual that he did
not question or understand at
the time, but was practiced in
a strikingly similar way in
faraway locations that he as a
young boy had no way of
consciously knowing about. His
theories of psychological
archetypes and the collective
unconscious were inspired in
part by this experience.
Shortly before the end of his
first year at the
Humanistisches Gymnasium in
Basel, at age 12, he was pushed
unexpectedly by another boy,
which knocked him to the ground
so hard that he was for a
moment unconscious. The thought
then came to him that "now you
won't have to go to school any
more." From then on, whenever
he started off to school or
began homework, he fainted. He
remained at home for the next
six months until he overheard
his father speaking worriedly
to a visitor of his future
ability to support himself, as
they suspected he had epilepsy.
With little money in the
family, this brought the boy to
reality and he realized the
need for academic excellence.
He immediately went into his
father's study and began poring
over Latin grammar. He fainted
three times, but eventually he
overcame the urge and did not
faint again. This event, Jung
later recalled, "was when I
learned what a neurosis
is."
Jung's unique and broadly
influential approach to
psychology has emphasized
understanding the psyche
through exploring the worlds of
dreams, art, mythology, world
religion and philosophy.
Although he was a theoretical
psychologist and practicing
clinician for most of his life,
much of his life's work was
spent exploring other realms,
including Eastern and Western
philosophy, alchemy, astrology,
sociology, as well as
literature and the arts. His
most notable contributions
include his concept of the
psychological archetype, the
collective unconscious, and his
theory of synchronicity.
Jung emphasized the importance
of balance and harmony. He
cautioned that modern humans
rely too heavily on science and
logic and would benefit from
integrating spirituality and
appreciation of the unconscious
realm.
 Constructs
Psychosexual development
Psychosocial development
Conscious • Preconscious •
Unconscious
Id, ego, and super-ego
Libido • Drive
Transference • Resistance
Important
Figures
Sigmund Freud • Carl Jung
Alfred Adler • Anna Freud
Karen Horney • Jacques
Lacan
Ronald Fairbairn • Melanie
Klein
Harry Stack Sullivan
Erik Erikson • Nancy
Chodorow
Important
works
The Interpretation of
Dreams
Four Fundamental Concepts of
Psychoanalysis
"Beyond the Pleasure
Principle"
Schools
of Thought
Self psychology • Lacanian
Analytical psychology • Object
relations
Interpersonal • Relational
Attachment • Ego
psychology
Source : Some
of the information on this page
came from a Wikipedia
article and is
licensed under the GNU
Documentation License.
©2008
www.geneticmatrix.com.
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